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+<H2><a class="intext" HREF="/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=capri:concept:spatialdownscaling">Selected environmental indicators at 1x1 km grid resolution</A><BR> - DNDC link and Statistical Meta Model from DNDC</H2>
+<hr style="color: 'blue'; height: '2'; text-align: 'left'; width: 590">
+Main Contributors for DNDC link: Adrian Leip<BR>
+Main Contributor for statistical meta model: Wolfgang Britz, Adrian Leip
+<hr style="color: 'blue'; height: '2'; text-align: 'left'; width: 590">
+<P><a class="intext" href="http://www.dndc.sr.unh.edu">DNDC</a> for <B>DeNitrification-DeComposition</B> is a computer simulation model of carbon and nitrogen biogeochemistry in agro-ecosystems.
+The model can be used for predicting crop growth, soil temperature and moisture regimes, soil carbon dynamics, nitrogen leaching, and emissions of trace gases including nitrous oxide (N2O),
+nitric oxide (NO), dinitrogen (N2), ammonia (NH3), methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2). At JRC, the DNDC model is currently used by the <a class="intext" href="http://ccu.jrc.it">Climate Change Unit,
+Greenhouse gases in Agriculture, Forestry and other Land Uses Action</a> of JRC.</P>
+<P>For represenative combination of crops and soils for each NUTS II regions, DNDC runs were performed, systematically changing mineral and organic application rates, and allowing for irrigation or not.
+Each run covered 100 years to allow for a stabilization of the carbon and nitrogen content of the soil. The observations from those about 100.000 simulation runs were used to estimate
+statistical regression models per crop for selected output variables of DNDC:</P>
+<ul>
+   <li>Water and nitrogen leached</li>
+   <li>Gaseous emission of nitrogen: NO, N2, NH3</li>
+   <li>Water transpirated and water evaporated</li>
+   <li>Crop yields</li>
+</ul>
+<P>using soil and climatic parameters, as well as potential yields and fertilizer application rates as explanatory variables. In more then 70% of the cases, the R2 was above 85% with
+all variables at a significance level above 0.1%. Given that perfect calibration of the DNDC crop yields at the <a class="intext" HREF="/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=capri:concept:SpatFert">estimated fertilizer application rates</a>
+to those <a HREF="/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=capri:concept:SpatYields" class="intext">estimated from MARS potential yields and
+scaled to be consistent to the one observed at NUTS II level</a> would be impossible, the potential yields are re-calibrated in the forecasting step.</P>
+<P><img src="images\DNDC.jpg" width="801"</P>
+<hr style="color: 'blue'; height: '2'; text-align: 'left'; width: 590">
+<H3>More information</H3>
+<P class="pubparagraph"><span class="pubAuthor">Wolfgang Britz and Adrian Leip:</span><BR>
+<I><a HREF="..\docs\dndc_meta.pdf" class="intext">A statistical meta model of DNDC to estimate nitrogen fate and the water cycle at 1x1 km grid at Pan-European scale, JRC, 2007 (pdf, foils)</a></I></p>
+<P class="pubparagraph"><span class="pubAuthor">Leip, A., Marchi, G., Koeble, R., Kempen, Britz W. and Li, C.</span>:<BR>
+<I><A HREF="http://www.biogeosciences.net/5/73/2008/bg-5-73-2008.html">Linking an economic model for European agriculture with a mechanistic model to estimate nitrogen losses from cropland
+soil in Europe</A></I><BR>Biogeosciences, 5(1): 73-94A</P>
+<BR>
+<font size=1>Last Updated:Tuesday, October 28, 2008
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